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Created by sociologist Robert Sampson and colleagues (1997), the 10-item Collective Efficacy Scale measures how well communities work together to make things happen. The scale has two parts. The informal social controlsection assesses how likely neighbors are to intervene when there is trouble, and the social cohesion and trustsection assesses how likely neighbors are to support each other in times of need.
Browning, C. R. (2002). The span of collective efficacy: Extending social disorganization theory to partner violence. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64(4), 833-850.
Cohen, D. A., Finch, B. K., Bower, A., & Sastry, N. (2006). Collective efficacy and obesity: The potential influence of social factors on health. Social Science & Medicine, 62(3), 769-778.
Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277(5328), 918-924.
Robert Sampson (1997)
Adults